A consistent feature of neurons in patients with mental retardation is abnormal dendritic
structure and/or alterations in dendritic spine morphology. Deficits in the regulation of the …

Mental retardation (MR) is a common cause of intellectual disability and affects
approximately 2 to 3% of children and young adults. Many forms of MR are associated with …

Our brain serves as a center for cognitive function and neurons within the brain relay and
store information about our surroundings and experiences. Modulation of this complex …

The acquisition of cell type-specific morphologies is a central feature of neuronal
differentiation and has important consequences for nervous system function. To begin to …

Dendrite structures exert a profound influence on neuronal information processing. The Rho
family GTPases have been implicated in the regulation of dendritic development. Among …

Dendritic spines mediate most excitatory transmission in the mammalian CNS and have
been traditionally considered stable structures. Following the suggestion that spines may …

The Rho family of small GTPases act as intracellular molecular switches that transduce
signals from extracellular stimuli to the actin cytoskeleton and the nucleus. Recent evidence …

Intellectual disability (ID) imposes a major medical and social–economical problem in our
society. It is defined as a global reduction in cognitive and intellectual abilities, associated …

Dendritic morphology has an important influence on neuronal information processing.
Multiple environmental cues, including neuronal activity, the neurotrophin family of growth …

For several decades it has been known that mental retardation is associated with
abnormalities in dendrites and dendritic spines. The recent cloning of eight genes which …