Sleep state transitions are closely related to insomnia, drowsiness, and sleep maintenance.
However, how the cortical network varies during such a transition process remains unclear …

Cortical activation and network interaction, two characterizations of the cortical states, are
separately studied in most previous studies. To further clarify the underlying mechanism, the …

Sleep function remains controversial. Individual perspectives frame the issue of sleep
function differently. We briefly illustrate how sleep measurement and the evolution, tissue …

The transition from quiet wakeful rest to sleep represents a period over which attention to the
external environment fades. Neuroimaging methodologies have provided much information …

The function of sleep in humans has been investigated using simultaneous
electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging recordings to …

Prolonged wakefulness leads to a homeostatic response manifested in increased amplitude
and number of electroencephalogram (EEG) slow waves during recovery sleep. Cortical …

Sleep exerts modulatory effects on the cerebral cortex. Whether sleep modulates local
connectivity in the cortex or only individual neural activity, however, is poorly understood …

Brain functions express rhythmic fluctuations accompanied by sleep and wakefulness each
day, but how sleep regulates brain rhythms remains unclear. Following the dose-dependent …

Brain activity dynamically changes even during sleep. A line of neuroimaging studies has
reported changes in functional connectivity and regional activity across different sleep …

This paper focuses on the successive historical papers related to medulla oblongata (MO)
intracerebral connections, its activities and ascending influences regulating sleep–waking …