Researchers working on the development of vaccines face an inherent dilemma: to
maximize immunogenicity without compromising safety and tolerability. Early vaccines often …

The ideal vaccine is a simple and stable formulation which can be conveniently
administered and provides life-long immunity against a given pathogen. The development of …

Infectious diseases are responsible for an overwhelming number of deaths worldwide and
their clinical management is often hampered by the emergence of multi-drug-resistant …

Developments in methods for identifying antigens from infectious agents and cancers has
provided exciting new opportunities in prevention and treatment through vaccination. In …

Technological advances in immunology, protein design, and genetic delivery have unlocked
new possibilities for vaccine concepts and delivery technologies that were previously …

Although the field of immunology developed in part from the early vaccine studies of Edward
Jenner, Louis Pasteur and others, vaccine development had largely become the province of …

Microbial pathogens have developed complex and efficient ways of counteracting and
evading innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. The strategies used by pathogens …

It is easy to argue that vaccine development represents humankind's most important and
successful endeavour, such is the impact that vaccination has had on human morbidity and …

Vaccines are one of the most powerful technologies supporting public health. The adaptive
immune response induced by immunization arises following appropriate activation and …

The need to optimize vaccine potency while minimizing toxicity in healthy recipients has
motivated studies of the formulation of vaccines to control how, when, and where antigens …