Chronic pain treatment remains a major challenge and pharmacological interventions are
associated with important side effects. Manual medicine treatments such as massage …

Musculoskeletal injuries lead to sensitization of nociceptors and primary hyperalgesia
(hypersensitivity to painful stimuli). This occurs with back injuries, which are associated with …

Introduction Pain-inducing massage results in greater pain inhibition than pain free
massage, suggesting a mechanism dependent on conditioned pain modulation (CPM). The …

Pain is essential for our survival by protecting us from severe injuries. Pain signals may be
exacerbated by continued physical activities but can also be interrupted or over-ridden by …

Chronic pain is a debilitating condition with dramatic personal, economic and societal
impacts. It affects∼ 20% of the population worldwide (1) and its clinical management …

Aside from movement initiation and control, the primary motor cortex (M1) has been
implicated in pain modulation mechanisms. A large body of clinical data has demonstrated …

Massage is a common conservative intervention used to treat myalgia. Although subjective
reports have supported the premise that massage decreases pain, few studies have …

Introduction Chronic musculoskeletal pain bothers the quality of life for approximately 1.71
billion people worldwide. Although pharmacological therapies play an important role in …

Optimizing pain relief resulting from spinal manipulative therapies, including low velocity
variable amplitude spinal manipulation (LVVA‐SM), requires determining their mechanisms …

Background High-velocity low-amplitude (HVLA) spinal manipulation is commonly used in
the treatment of spinal pain syndromes. The mechanisms by which HVLA-manipulation …