Abstract Background The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a widely used
questionnaire in health research, but there is little guidance on how to handle missing items …

Background Missing data present a challenge to many research projects. The problem is
often pronounced in studies utilizing self-report scales, and literature addressing different …

Background Incomplete data are of particular important influence in mental measurement
questionnaires. Most experts, however, mostly focus on clinical trials and cohort studies and …

Abstract Purpose The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a self-report
questionnaire designed to screen anxious and depressive states in patients in non …

Objectives: Missing data is a recurrent issue in many fields of medical research, particularly
in questionnaires. The aim of this article is to describe and compare six conceptually …

Objectives Regardless of the proportion of missing values, complete-case analysis is most
frequently applied, although advanced techniques such as multiple imputation (MI) are …

Objective: This paper compares six missing data methods that can be used for carrying out
statistical tests on repeated measures data: listwise deletion, last value carried forward …

The last 20 years has seen an uptick in research on missing data problems, and most
software applications now implement one or more sophisticated missing data handling …

Objective: Increasing awareness of how missing data affects the analysis of clinical and
public health interventions has led to increasing numbers of missing data procedures. There …

Background Despite its popularity, not a definitive word has yet been said about the latent
structure of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The present work is a …