Background Influenza surveillance is necessary for detection of emerging variants of
epidemiologic and clinical significance. This study describes the epidemiology of influenza …

Objective: To genetically characterize human influenza viruses and their susceptibilities to
antivirals during two post-pandemic seasons in Lebanon. Methods: Influenza virus was …

Purpose. Influenza viruses are characterised by high variability, which makes them able to
cause annual epidemics. The aim of this study is to determine the antigenic and genetic …

Influenza viruses continue to be a major public health threat due to the possible emergence
of more virulent influenza virus strains resulting from dynamic changes in virus adaptability …

Influenza viruses have a high potential for genetic changes. The objectives of this study
were to analyse influenza virus circulation in Bulgaria during the 2019/2020 season, to …

Background: Oseltamivir has been used as a drug of choice for the prophylaxis and
treatment of human influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 infection across the world. However, the …

Molecular surveillance of influenza viruses is essential for early detection of novel variants.
The aim of the present study was to analyze the hemagglutinin gene of influenza A (H1N1) …

Background. The 2009 pandemic influenza A virus subtype H1N1 (A [H1N1] pdm09) was
first detected in June 2009 in South Africa and later resulted in extensive transmission …

H1N1 influenza has brought serious threats to people's health and a high socioeconomic
burden to society. Oseltamivir, a kind of neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor, is the second …

Influenza viruses know no boundaries, representing an example of rapid virus evolution
combined with pressure exerted by the host's immune system. Seasonal influenza causes 4 …