Introduction: Shoulder injuries are common among athletes in sports that involve overhead
throwing of the ball such as handball. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the timing …

Non-traumatic shoulder injuries are common in team handball. However, many athletes
continue to throw, despite pain in the shoulder. This study investigated upper body …

Purpose The repetitive micro traumatic stresses placed on the athletes shoulder joint
complex during the throwing motion challenge the surrounding tissues. The purpose of this …

Background Shoulder impingement syndrome is considered to be associated with an
altered muscular activity, which is related to strategy changes in the movement plan. The …

Background Arm throwing represents a deciding element in handball. Ball velocity, aim
accuracy, and dynamic stability of the shoulder are factors that influence throwing …

Context: There is limited information on the effects of throwing on shoulder proprioception
and strength. Objective: Examine shoulder proprioception and strength following throwing …

Background: The shoulder external rotator muscles and the different portions of the
trapezius muscle have never been studied in exclusivity. However, the literature has …

Background Proprioception is vital for motor control and can be disturbed, for example, due
to fatigue or injury. Clinical feasible, reliable and valid tests of shoulder proprioception are …

Shoulder pain is common in team handball; however, many continue playing. The purpose
was to investigate whether a functional fatigue protocol (FFP) containing repeated sub and …

BACKGROUND: The detection of primary risk factors through the assessment of shoulder
range of motion (ROM) and muscle function could prevent injuries in the initial stages of the …