Background Debate over the viability of the current commercial research and development
(R&D) model is ongoing. A controversial theme is the cost of bringing a new molecular entity …

Over the years, questions have been raised over R&D costs of new medicines. The aim of
this study is to conduct a landscape review of the (drivers of) R&D costs of a new medicine …

Importance The mean cost of developing a new drug has been the subject of debate, with
recent estimates ranging from $314 million to $2.8 billion. Objective To estimate the …

Importance Drug companies frequently claim that high prices are needed to recoup
spending on research and development. If high research and development costs justified …

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to systematically review and assess published estimates of the
cost of developing new drugs. METHODS: We sought English language research articles …

Value of information (VOI) methods have been proposed as a systematic approach to inform
optimal research design and prioritization. Four related questions arise that VOI methods …

The costs of developing the types of new drugs that have been pursued by traditional
pharmaceutical firms have been estimated in a number of studies. However, similar …

Photos. com the centre currently receives funding from “pharmaceutical and
biopharmaceutical companies, contract research organizations, trade associations, and …

Importance High costs and risks of research and development (R&D) have been used to
justify the high prices of cancer drugs. However, what the return on R&D investment is, and …

Objectives: Major guidelines regarding the application of cost‐effectiveness analysis (CEA)
have recommended the common and widespread use of the “societal perspective” for …