The mammalian genome contains two ERK/MAP kinase kinase genes, Map2k1 and
Map2k2, which encode dual-specificity kinases responsible for ERK/MAP kinase activation …

The mammalian genome contains two ERK/MAP kinase kinase genes, Map2k1 and
Map2k2, which encode dual-specificity kinases responsible for ERK activation. Loss of …

Map2k1-/-embryos die at mid-gestation from abnormal development and
hypovascularization of the placenta. We now show that this phenotype is associated with a …

Tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors activate MAP kinase by a complex mechanism
involving the SH2/3 protein Grb2, the exchange protein Sos, and Ras. The GTP‐bound Ras …

The mammalian genome contains two mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase
(MEK)–encoding genes, Mek1 and Mek2. MEKs phosphorylate and activate the two …

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 (MAPK6/ERK3) is
an atypical member of the MAPKs. An essential role has been suggested by the perinatal …

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) plays a central role in the signal transduction
for diverse cellular responses, such as proliferation, differentiation, stress response and cell …

The closely related mitogen‐activated protein kinase isoforms extracellular signal‐regulated
kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 have been implicated in the control of cell proliferation …

The protein kinases ERK1 and ERK2 are the effector components of the prototypical ERK1/2
mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway. This signaling pathway regulates cell …

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) comprise a family of well-conserved
serine/threonine kinases that control a vast array of physiological functions in a number of …