Imaging is integral in the diagnosis of canine intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) and in
differentiating subtypes of intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH). These include intervertebral …

Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) has been recognized in dogs since the 1800s, when the
first descriptions of extruded disc material within the vertebral canal were published. In the …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation is a common cause of neurologic dysfunction in dogs.
During the last 60 years, IVD herniation has been the focus of significant research aiming to …

Treatment recommendations differ for dogs with intervertebral disk extrusion vs.
intervertebral disk protrusion. The aim of this retrospective, cross‐sectional study was to …

Objective—To compare prospectively clinical, radiographic, and surgical findings of
intervertebral disc extrusion (IDE) localization in small‐breed dogs and to determine the best …

The relationship between intervertebral disc (IVD) disease and IVD degeneration remains
unclear. The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical severity of IVD herniation …

Knowledge of the prognosis of acute spinal cord injury is critical to provide appropriate
information for clients and make the best treatment choices. Acute intervertebral disc …

Evidence of intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) is extremely common in dogs, and its
prevalence increases with age. It has many important consequences because degeneration …

Myelography and/or computed tomography (CT) are commonly used to evaluate acute
intervertebral disk extrusion in chondrodystrophic dogs. The purpose of this study was to …

Recognition of disc degeneration in vivo is important in the investigation of the
pathophysiology of intervertebral disc disease as well as the assessment of patients. The …