There is a vast degree of heterogeneity in clinical presentations of major depressive
disorder (MDD) symptoms among individual patients. Efficacious treatment strategies for …

Introduction: major depressive disorder is a common psychiatric disorder associated with
high economic cost, severe human suffering, and low remission rates. Imbalanced …

Most research on the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs and repeated
electroconvulsive shock (ECS) has focussed on changes in monoamine chemistry and …

Extensive studies showed that monoaminergic neurotransmission that involves serotonin (5-
HT), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) exerts major influence on brain circuits …

The present study was undertaken to compare the acute and long-term effects of
escitalopram and citalopram on rat brain 5-HT neurotransmission, using …

The precise effects that underlie the therapeutic action of antidepressant drugs, or how such
effects may relate to the underlying depressive illness, remain elusive. Preclinical studies …

A first improvement in the treatment of depression was achieved in 1970-80 with the
development of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) because these drugs, which …

In addition to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, aripiprazole is approved as an adjunct for
major depressive disorder (MDD). Adding aripiprazole to the 5-HT reuptake inhibitor …

A relationship appears to exist between the 3 main monoamine neurotransmitters in the
brain (ie, dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin) and specific symptoms of major …

Alterations in catecholamine levels and neurotransmission have been shown in depressive
disorders. However, the exact sites of alterations and the relation between these alterations …