Traditionally, the viral replication cycle is envisioned as a single, well-defined loop with four
major steps: attachment and entry into a target cell, replication of the viral genome …

Eukaryotic gene expression is regulated not only by genomic enhancers and promoters, but
also by covalent modifications added to both chromatin and RNAs. Whereas cellular gene …

For a virus to persist, it must actively curtail the host's antiviral immune response. Here, we
review the conceptual basis by which this can occur and discuss the subsequent fate of …

Highlights•RNA virus replication gives rise to a cloud of variants containing mutations,
insertions and deletions, some of which contribute to evolution.•Virus population diversity …

Host range is a viral property reflecting natural hosts that are infected either as part of a
principal transmission cycle or, less commonly, as “spillover” infections into alternative hosts …

Communication is vital for all organisms including microorganisms, which is clearly
demonstrated by the bacterial quorum-sensing system. However, the molecular …

Regardless of their genetic constitution, viral genomes are replicated, expressed, and
assembled in association with living host cells. These entities do not undergo division, but …

Viruses survive often harsh host environments, yet we know little about the strategies they
utilize to adapt and subsist given their limited genomic resources. We are beginning to …

Systems biology and the host response to viral infection | Nature Biotechnology Skip to main
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Infection of more than one virus in a host, coinfection, is common across taxa and
environments. Viral coinfection can enable genetic exchange, alter the dynamics of …