C4H (cinnamate 4-hydroxylase) is a pivotal gene in the phenylpropanoid pathway, which is
involved in the regulation of flavonoids and lignin biosynthesis of plants. However, the …

Key message RgC4H promotes phenolic accumulation in R. glutinosa, activating the
molecular networks of its antioxidant systems, and enhancing the tolerance to oxidative …

Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] is a vegetable crop with significant economic value
that is utilized both as a staple food and as an industrial raw material. Sweet potato …

Flavonoids with significant therapeutic properties play an essential role in plant growth,
development, and adaptation to various environments. The biosynthetic pathway of …

Lignin is a complex phenolic polymer that forms interwoven networks in the cell wall and is
crucial to plant development and stress responses. The root tissues of safflower contain a …

Abstract Background As a traditional Chinese herb, safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is
valued for its florets to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Basing on …

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H), a cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase,
participates in the synthesis of numerous polyphenoid compounds, such as flavonoids and …

Flavonoids are major secondary metabolites in plants, which play important roles in
maintaining the cellular redox balance in cells. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is the key enzyme …

Stress-responsive dihydroxy flavonoids exhibit capability to inhibit the accretion of reactive
oxygen species (ROS). The formation of these dihydroxy flavonols is catalyzed by flavonoid …

Flavonoids are the most abundant class of secondary metabolites that are ubiquitously
involved in plant development and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Flavonoid …