Cancer is a key public health concern, being the second leading cause of worldwide
morbidity and mortality after cardiovascular diseases. At the global level, cancer prevalence …

This review is focused on current information of avoidable environmental pollution and
occupational exposure as causes of cancer. Approximately 2% to 8% of all cancers are …

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Western countries, just after circulatory
diseases. 1 Despite the considerable efforts and funds devoted to the research on cancer in …

This is a narrative account of the origins and development of carcinogen risk assessment in
the US EPA, which pioneered the field. It began in an era of high hopes that the regulation of …

Besides our current health concerns due to COVID-19, cancer is a longer-lasting and even
more dramatic pandemic that affects almost a third of the human population worldwide. Most …

Historically the procedures for human risk assessment and for risk assessment have
developed separately with different terminologies and separate data bases. The …

With over 100,000 different substances produced and used by industries, chemicals are an
integral part of everyday life. The global market of chemicals has an enormous impact on …

A guide to the concepts and principles governing the use of biomarkers to assess the risks to
human health posed by exposure to chemical agents. Emphasis is placed on criteria for the …

Background Continuous exposure to many chemicals, including through air, water, food, or
other media and products results in health impacts which have been well assessed …

Biomarkers are becoming increasingly important in toxicology and human health. Many
research groups are carrying out studies to develop biomarkers of exposure to chemicals …