The gut microbiota has been proposed to be an important environmental factor in the
development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we review a growing body of evidence from …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease, caused by both genetic and
environmental factors. Recently, investigators have focused on the gut microbiota, which is …

Objective The intestinal microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis. Altered
microbiota composition has been demonstrated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) …

Characterization and understanding of gut microbiota has recently increased representing a
wide research field, especially in autoimmune diseases. Gut microbiota is the major source …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints.
Microbial infection is considered a crucial inducer of RA. Alterations in the composition of …

The role of gut microbiota on immune regulation and the development of autoimmune
diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an emerging research topic. Multiple studies …

Perturbations of the intestinal microbiome have been observed in patients with new-onset
and chronic autoimmune inflammatory arthritis. However, it is currently unknown whether …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases caused by
abnormal immune activation and immune tolerance. Immunomodulatory cells (ICs) play a …

In higher vertebrates, mucosal sites at the border between the internal and external
environments, directly interact with bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Through co-evolution, hosts …

The gut microbiome appears to be a significant contributor to musculoskeletal health and
disease. Recently, it has been found that oral microbiota are involved in arthritis …