Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has had a dramatic impact in reducing HIV-
related morbidity and mortality [1–4]. Complications of HAART include drug-related …

The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is characterized by worsening
clinical, laboratory, or radiologic findings despite improvements in the HIV RNA level and …

A paradoxical clinical worsening of a known condition or the appearance of a new condition
after initiating antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients is defined as immune …

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) represents a clinical phenomenon of
immune‐mediated inflammation against various antigens, including pathogenic …

Background Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an unusual
inflammatory reaction to an opportunistic infection that occurs in human immunodeficiency …

Oral Diseases (2010) 16, 248–256 The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in
the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) restores immune responses …

The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected patients initiating
antiretroviral therapy (ART) results from restored immunity to specific infectious or non …

The institution of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-infected patients
restores protective immune responses against a wide variety of pathogens and dramatically …

Objective: To describe incidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS)
and its association with mortality in a large multisite US HIV-infected cohort applying an …

After the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1995 it took 3 years to
recognize the new syndrome of lipodystrophy as a long-term complication of HAART [1]. It …