Introduction: Pupil size is a well-known indicator of low-level decision-making processes.
However, it is unclear whether these involuntary eye data can represent information about …

Introduction: The basic human decision involves several stages of consecutive decisions. In
the presence of multi-stage decisions, to avoid interruption in the sequence of decisions …

A number of studies have shown that pupil size increases transiently during effortful
decisions. These decision-related changes in pupil size are mediated by central …

Pupil diameter has long been used as a metric of cognitive processing. However, recent
advances suggest that the cognitive sources of change in pupil size may reflect LC-NE …

In humans and some other species perceptual decision-making is complemented by the
ability to make confidence judgements about the certainty of sensory evidence. While both …

In our physical environment as well as in many experimental paradigms, we need to decide
whether an occurring stimulus is relevant to us or not; further, stimuli have uneven …

Decision making between several alternatives is thought to involve the gradual
accumulation of evidence in favor of each available choice. This process is profoundly …

In the last years, research on risky choice has moved beyond analyzing choices only.
Models have been suggested that aim to describe the underlying cognitive processes and …

During perceptual decisions subjects often rely more strongly on early rather than late
sensory evidence even in tasks when both are equally informative about the correct …

Perceptual decision making involves gathering and interpreting sensory information to
effectively categorize the world and inform behavior. For instance, a radiologist …