Electrostimulation has been recognized as a promising nonpharmacological treatment in
orthopedics to promote bone fracture healing. However, clinical applications have been …

Osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related fractures were considered as worldwide diseases
and arose wide public concern, the costs for incident osteoporosis-related fractures in …

Traumatic injuries can lead to large bone defects under extreme conditions, which usually
take a long recovery period, while the prognosis is poor. Endogenous electric field, as one …

Promoting the differentiation of osteoblasts is critical to maintain bone homeostasis for
treatment osteoporosis and fracture healing. For these orthopedic diseases, a portable …

Bone Tissue engineering (BTE) has recently been introduced as an alternative to
conventional treatments for large non-healing bone defects. BTE approaches mimic …

Electrotherapy is a promising tissue repair technique. However, electrotherapy devices are
frequently complex and must be placed adjacent to injured tissue, thereby limiting their …

The direct relationship between bone strain and electric fields has spurred continual interest
in the field of bioelectricity over the past 160 years. It has been reported that stress …

Background Electrical stimulation (ES) has a long history of successful use in the clinical
treatment of refractory, non-healing bone fractures and has recently been proposed as an …

Abstract Background Electrical stimulation (EStim) has been proven to promote bone
healing in experimental settings and has been used clinically for many years and yet it has …

Implantable self-powered generators (ISPGs) have been extensively explored as energy
supplies for driving electronics and electrically stimulated therapeutics in vivo. However …