OBJECTIVES: Tonic diaphragmatic activity (tonic Edi, ie, sustained diaphragm activation
throughout expiration) reflects diaphragmatic effort to defend end-expiratory lung volumes …

Background Infants have to actively maintain their end expiratory lung volume (EELV). In
mechanically ventilated infants, the diaphragm stays activated until the end of expiration …

Purpose Diaphragm function should be monitored in critically ill patients, as full ventilatory
support rapidly induces diaphragm atrophy. Monitoring the electrical activity of the …

Background Diaphragmatic dysfunction (DD) has a great negative impact on clinical
outcomes, and it is a well-recognized complication in adult patients with critical illness …

Invasive mechanical ventilation is a common intervention required by many patients
admitted to pediatric intensive care. Although it is potentially lifesaving, it is also associated …

While normal, quiet expiration is a passive process with relaxation of the inspiratory
respiratory muscles, it appears that in De Causis Respirationis Galen (129–200 AD) already …

Background Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist is an emerging mode of respiratory support
that uses the electrical activity of the diaphragm (Edi) to provide synchronised inspiratory …

Objectives: Diaphragm atrophy is associated with delayed weaning from mechanical
ventilation and increased mortality in critically ill adults. We sought to test for the presence of …

Rationale The extent of diaphragmatic atrophy and dysfunction in critically ill children from
developing countries is not established. Objectives To estimate changes in ultrasound …

Objectives: Diaphragm atrophy is evident during invasive ventilation for pediatric acute
respiratory failure, but with unknown significance. We hypothesized that diaphragm atrophy …