Substance abuse disorder is a chronically relapsing disease that is characterized in part by
compulsion to seek and take drug in the presence of adverse consequences and in …

Impulsivity and compulsivity are key neurobiological mechanisms of addiction that are at
complex interplay throughout the development and maintenance of substance use disorders …

People take addictive drugs to elevate mood, but with repeated use these drugs produce
serious unwanted effects, which can include tolerance to some drug effects, sensitization to …

Compulsion is a cardinal symptom of drug addiction (severe substance use disorder).
However, compulsion is observed in only a small proportion of individuals who repeatedly …

The pleasant sensation of sipping a drink after a hard day's work is familiar to many people,
but for some, recreational use easily slips into dependence and tolerance. Some users then …

One of the leading drug addiction theories states that habits and the underlying neural
process of a ventral to dorsal striatal shift are the building blocks of compulsive drug …

This review is an introduction to addiction, the reward circuitry, and laboratory addiction
models. Addiction is a chronic disease hallmarked by a state of compulsive drug seeking …

Drug addiction is widely recognized to afflict some but not all individuals by virtue of
underlying risk markers and traits involving multifaceted interactions between polygenic and …

For the past several decades, preclinical modeling of substance use disorders (SUDs) has
shifted away from tolerance and withdrawal, toward the creation of models thought to reflect …

Compulsive drug intake is a hallmark of addiction, yet a mechanistic understanding of this
process has been elusive. Drug use is initiated primarily to obtain the excitatory actions of …