The widespread use of antibiotics results in the generation of antibiotic concentration
gradients in humans, livestock and the environment. Thus, bacteria are frequently exposed …

The selective pressure generated by the use of antibiotics in clinical, veterinary, husbandry
and agricultural practices is considered the major factor responsible for the emergence and …

Human use of antimicrobials in the clinic, community and agricultural systems has driven
selection for resistance in bacteria. Resistance can be selected at antibiotic concentrations …

Bacterial responses to antibiotics are concentration-dependent. At high concentrations,
antibiotics exhibit antimicrobial activities on susceptible cells, while subinhibitory …

Antibiotic resistance is one of the major problems facing medical practice in the 21st century.
Historical approaches to managing antibiotic resistance have often focused on individual …

Antibiotic use is the main driver in the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Another
unexplored possibility is that resistance evolves coincidentally in response to other selective …

Ever since antibiotics were introduced into human and veterinary medicine to treat and
prevent bacterial infections there has been a steady selection and increase in the frequency …

Antibiotics are among the most valuable compounds used for fighting human diseases.
Unfortunately, pathogenic bacteria have evolved towards resistance. One important and …

The evolution of bacterial pathogens towards antibiotic resistance is not just a relevant
problem for human health, but a fascinating example of evolution that can be studied in real …

Bacteria are said to have “intrinsic resis tance” to an antibiotic when their normal
characteristics render them immune to the antibiotic's mechanism of effect. Intrinsic …