Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a fascinating class of carbon nanoparticles with sizes
around 10 nm. The unique properties of CQDs are low toxicity, chemical inertness, excellent …

With the rising population and affluence, the management of significantly increased quantity
of municipal solid waste is reaching a critical level in almost all regions of the world. The …

This study contributes to identifying valid barriers and proposes a model to understand the
challenges to Industry 4.0 in circular economy to obtain social, economic and environmental …

Lignocellulosic ethanol has been proposed as a green alternative to fossil fuels for many
decades. However, commercialization of lignocellulosic ethanol faces major hurdles …

The palm oil industry generates significant amounts of solid wastes. The solid wastes, also
known as oil palm biomass, includes the trunk (OPT) and fronds (OPT) from the plantation …

Oil palm wastes (OPWs) are important biomass resources, and approximately 127 million
tons of OPWs are generated from the oil palm industry annually in Malaysia. The scientific …

Empty fruit bunches (EFB) are the most abundant source of agricultural wastes in Malaysia
but with limited applications. Due to their high content of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen, EFB …

The economic value of bioethylene produced from bioethanol dehydration is remarkable
due to its extensive usage in the petrochemical industry. Bioethylene is produced through …

Exploitation of agricultural waste as green starting materials to produce various valuable
products is attracting the attention of academic, industrial and other practitioners. Cashew …

Rubber with excellent mechanical properties and self-healing ability could have great
applicability in the next generation of glove fabrication. Developing durable gloves with …