We report here on the results of a new cladistic analysis of early hominid relationships.
Ingroup taxa includedAustralopithecus afarensisAustralopithecus africanusAustralopithecus …

The sociobiology debates of the 1970s increased interest in the biology of behavior. At the
same time, the growth of cladistics increased interest in how to do systematics and …

Logical equivalence between the notions of homology and synapomorphy is reviewed and
supported. Socalled transformational homology embodies two distinct logical components …

Brachycephaloidea is a monophyletic group of frogs with more than 1000 species
distributed throughout the New World tropics, subtropics, and Andean regions. Recently, the …

Reconstructing the Past seeks to clarify and help resolve the vexing methodological issues
that arise when biologists try to answer such questions as whether human beings are more …

Stomach analyses of living families and of a fossil containing prey were used to address
possible dietary correlates of the history of snakes. Aniliids, morphologically primitive among …

A theoretical approach to the analysis of historical factors (Raup 1972) in evolutionary
morphology is presented which addresses transformational hypotheses about structural …

Cladistics, a method used to create a nested series of taxa based on homologous characters
shared only by two or more taxa and their immediate common ancestor, offers a means of …

This work serves as a compendium of anatomical resources upon which a companion
phylogenetic analysis of Aves and related Theropoda (Avialae) was based. Following a brief …

Abstract Knowledge of the degree to which various subsets of morphological data reflect
molecular relationships is crucial for studies attempting to estimate genetic relationships …