Macrophages exist in various tissues, several body cavities, and around mucosal surfaces
and are a vital part of the innate immune system for host defense against many pathogens …

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death that is triggered by the toxic
build-up of lipid peroxides on cellular membranes. In recent years, ferroptosis has garnered …

Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous
system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB …

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and morbidity with a complex pathophysiology.
Traditional cancer therapies include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and …

Immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and adoptive cell therapy
(ACT) have revolutionized cancer treatment, especially in patients whose disease was …

Distant metastasis remains the major cause of morbidity for breast cancer. Individuals with
liver or brain metastasis have an extremely poor prognosis and low response rates to anti …

Immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has greatly improved
the clinical efficacy of malignant tumor therapy. ICI-mediated antitumor responses depend …

Multidimensional analyses have demonstrated the presence of a unique tumor
microenvironment (TME) in liver cancer. Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are …

Since the ferromagnetic (Fe 3 O 4) nanoparticles were firstly reported to exert enzyme-like
activity in 2007, extensive research progress in nanozymes has been made with deep …

The polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from M2 to M1 phenotype
demonstrates great potential for remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor …