Background Nitrogen is an essential nutrient in plant growth. The ability of a plant to supply
all or part of its requirements from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) thanks to interactions …

In an agroecosystem, industrially produced nitrogenous fertilizers are the principal sources
of nitrogen for plant growth; unfortunately these also serve as the leading sources of …

Some beneficial plant-interacting bacteria can biologically fix N2 to plant-available
ammonium. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an important source of nitrogen (N) input in …

In agroecosystems, nitrogen is one of the major nutrients limiting plant growth. To meet the
increased nitrogen demand in agriculture, synthetic fertilizers have been used extensively in …

For all living organisms, nitrogen is an essential element, while being the most limiting in
ecosystems and for crop production. Despite the significant contribution of synthetic …

Abstract Legumes (Leguminosae or Fabaceae) are considered the second most cultivated
crop, covering 14% of the total cultivated land worldwide. Legumes considered as the major …

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) involves a highly specialized and intricately evolved
interactions between soil microorganisms and higher plants for harnessing the atmospheric …

Nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere but is generally the most limiting nutrient for plants.
The inability of many crop plants, such as cereals, to directly utilize freely available …

It is now well accepted that nitrogen-fixing bacteria colonising graminaceous plants can be
grouped into three categories: 1, rhizosphere organisms; 2, facultative endophytes and 3 …

Abstract The Green Revolution was accompanied by a huge increase in the application of
fertilizers, particularly nitrogen. Recent studies indicate that a sizeable proportion of the …