Objective This study aims to compare the salivary and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF)
concentrations of five cytokines: IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-33, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha …

Background: A higher prevalence of periodontal disease has been reported in patients with
obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), and these two chronic conditions may be linked …

Background: A possible association between periodontitis and obstructive sleep apnea
(OSA) has been suggested. The aim of this study is to compare periodontitis prevalence …

Objectives The aim of this study is to assess salivary, serum biomarkers, and subgingival
bacteria as putative candidates in the potential association between obstructive sleep apnea …

Background: Biomarkers present in the oral fluid (saliva and GCF) have been studied
thoroughly in order to be used as adjuncts to the diagnosis of periodontal disease. In …

Background The study aimed to analyze cytokine levels, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10,
and IL-36γ, to investigate the link between pro-and anti-inflammatory responses in …

Objective: The onset, severity and progression of periodontal diseases are mainly related to
the inflammatory host response against periodontal pathogens. The aim of this study was to …

Periodontitis progression is associated with a host response in which anti-inflammatory and
pro-inflammatory cytokine networks play a key role. Smoking is involved in the production of …

Background and Objective Periodontitis is becoming a highly prevalent disease worldwide.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder that is characterized by repeated …

Aim T helper (Th) 17 cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. This study
investigated the effect of periodontal management on fifteen Th17-related cytokines in …