Hyperaccumulators are plants that can sequester heavy metals in their vacuoles and are
capable of tolerating high amounts of such heavy metals. The metal tolerance mechanism is …

In all forms of life, primary active transport of heavy metal ions is mediated by members of a
subfamily of P-type ATPase pumps, the P1B ATPases. All organisms require heavy metals …

P 1B-ATPases form a distinct evolutionary sub-family of P-type ATPases, transporting
transition metals such as Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Co across membranes in a wide range of …

Metal-transporting P-type ATPases were recently proposed to constitute a newly emerged
sub-family of cation-transporting P-type ATPases, and are known to occur widely in …

P 1B-ATPases are cation transporters found in all organisms. In plants, they are found in
almost all membranes including plasma membrane, internal chloroplastic membrane …

The regulation of the heavy-metal accumulation in vivo for plant survival is very complex.
The metal cation transporter plays key roles in the metabolic process. P (1B)-ATPases are …

Mechanisms are required by all organisms to maintain the concentration of essential heavy
metals (eg Zn and Cu) within physiological limits and to minimise the detrimental effects of …

Arabidopsis thaliana has eight genes encoding members of the type 1B heavy metal–
transporting subfamily of the P-type ATPases. Three of these transporters, HMA2, HMA3 …

P1B-ATPases are a group of proteins that can transport heavy metal ions across
membranes by hydrolyzing ATP and they are a subclass of the P-type ATPase family. It was …

Metal ATPases are a subfamily of P-type ATPases involved in the transport of metal cations
across biological membranes. They all share an architecture featuring eight transmembrane …