The human body is full of an extensive number of commensal microbes, consisting of
bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively termed the human microbiome. The initial …

Hundreds of billions of commensal microorganisms live in and on our bodies, most of which
colonize the gut shortly after birth and stay there for the rest of our lives. In animal models …

The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining human health, with numerous studies
demonstrating that alterations in microbial compositions can significantly affect the …

Objectives Gut dysbiosis has been associated with several clinically relevant conditions,
including alterations of central nervous system (CNS) structure and function development …

In humans, the gut microbiota (GM) are known to play a significant role in the metabolism of
nutrients and drugs, immunomodulation, and pathogen defense by inhabiting the …

The gut microbiota (GM) plays an important role in the physiology and pathology of the host.
Microbiota communicate with different organs of the organism by synthesizing hormones …

Recent research has been uncovering the role of the gut microbiota for brain health and
disease. These studies highlight the role of gut microbiota on regulating brain function and …

Different bacterial families colonize most mucosal tissues in the human organism such as
the skin, mouth, vagina, respiratory, and gastrointestinal districts. In particular, the …

The morbidity associated with neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is increasing, posing a
threat to the mental and physical quality of life of humans. The crucial effect of microbiota on …

Neuroplasticity refers to the ability of brain circuits to reorganize and change the properties
of the network, resulting in alterations in brain function and behavior. It is traditionally …