Background Air pollution is a complex mixture of particles and gases, yet current regulations
are based on single toxicant levels failing to consider potential interactive outcomes of co …

Air pollution accounts for more than 7 million premature deaths worldwide. Using ultrafine
carbon black (CB) and ozone (O3) as a model for an environmental co-exposure scenario …

Background Microbial dysbiosis is a potential mediator of air pollution-induced adverse
outcomes. However, a systemic comparison of the lung and gut microbiome alterations and …

Environmental inhalation exposures are inherently mixed (gases and particles), yet
regulations are still based on single toxicant exposures. While the impacts of individual …

Black carbon and tropospheric ozone (O3), which are major air pollutants in China, are
hazardous to humans following inhalation. Black carbon can be oxidized by O3 forming …

COPD is characterized by chronic lung inflammation and irreversible lung tissue damage.
Inhaled noxious gases, including cigarette smoke, are the major risk factor for COPD …

Ambient black carbon (BC) is found to be associated with increased risk of diverse
pulmonary diseases, including acute respiratory inflammation and decreased lung function …

Background Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for COPD, leading to chronic airway
inflammation. We hypothesized that cigarette smoke induces structural and functional …

Exposure to atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2. 5) is currently recognized as a leading
cause and/or a serious aggravating factor of several respiratory diseases, such as chronic …

The goal of this study was to investigate whether coexposures to carbon black and O3 result
in a toxicologic interaction in the lungs as quantitated by the inflammatory response and …