In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular
comorbidities are highly prevalent and associated with considerable morbidity and mortality …

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at increased risk of
cardiovascular disease (CVD) and concomitant disease leads to reduced quality of life …

Smoking is a major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and
cardiovascular disorders, including coronary heart disease (CHD) and peripheral arterial …

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a systemic inflammatory
disorder associated with increased comorbid prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. We …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease of the lung
associated with progressive airflow limitation and punctuated by episodes of acute …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health issue with high social and
economic costs. Concomitant chronic cardiac disorders are frequent in patients with COPD …

COPD and cardiovascular disease have complicated interrelationships. Further mechanistic
studies may lead to defining better targets for interventions. Education for medical …

Currently, the comorbidity (combination) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is an important problem for the health care. This is due …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) not only
have smoking as a common risk factor, they also share epidemiological relationships and …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality in COPD.
There is a high prevalence of traditional risk factors in this patient group including smoking …