Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health threat with
particular risk for severe disease and death in older adults and in adults with age-related …

Background Available data show that COVID-19 vaccines may be less effective in
immunocompromised populations, who are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 …

Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause serious lower respiratory tract
disease in older adults, but no licensed RSV vaccine currently exists. An adenovirus …

The immune system is a complex network of cells with critical functions in health and
disease. However, a comprehensive census of the cells comprising the immune system is …

Background Older adults (aged≥ 70 years) are at increased risk of severe disease and
death if they develop COVID-19 and are therefore a priority for immunisation should an …

Follicular helper T (TFH) cells are a specialized subset of CD4+ T cells that essentially
support germinal center responses where high-affinity and long-lived humoral immunity is …

The severity and outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) largely depends on a
patient's age. Adults over 65 years of age represent 80% of hospitalizations and have a 23 …

The immune system protects the host from pathogenic organisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi,
parasites). To deal with this array of threats, the immune system has evolved to include a …

Several studies have shown that the pre-vaccination immune state is associated with the
antibody response to vaccination. However, the generalizability and mechanisms that …

The age-related dysregulation and decline of the immune system—collectively termed
“immunosenescence”—has been generally associated with an increased susceptibility to …