Cancer immunotherapy has been accompanied by promising results over the past few
years. Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) plays a vital role in inhibiting immune …

Over the last two decades our understanding of the gut microbiota and its contribution to
health and disease has been transformed. Among a new 'generation'of potentially beneficial …

Since the discovery of immune checkpoint proteins, there has been a special interest in
developing antibodies that block programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1) and programmed …

Hypoxia, a hallmark of solid tumors, determines the selection of invasive and aggressive
malignant clones displaying resistance to radiotherapy, conventional chemotherapy or …

The therapeutic algorithm of renal cell carcinoma has been revolutionized by the approval of
immunotherapy agents by regulatory agencies. However, objective and durable responses …

Cancer immunotherapy involves blocking the interactions between the PD-1/PD-L1 immune
checkpoints with antibodies. This has shown unprecedented positive outcomes in clinics …

Metabolic reprogramming and immune escape play a major role in tumorigenesis.
Increasing number of studies have shown that reprogramming of glutamine metabolism is a …

Recent studies have established a strong link between copper and cancer biology, as
copper is necessary for cancer growth and metastasis. Beyond the conventional concept of …

Over the course of past few years, cancer immunotherapy has been accompanied with
promising results. However, preliminary investigations with respect to immunotherapy …

Background Recently, a variety of clinical trials have shown that apatinib, a small-molecule
anti-angiogenic drug, exerts promising inhibitory effects on multiple solid tumors, including …