The tumor microenvironment is importantly shaped by various cytokines, where interleukins
(ILs) and interferons (IFNs) shape the balance of immune activity within tumor niche and …

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide medical issue with significant morbidity and
mortality, as it is the main cause of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma …

Pemphigus und Pemphigoid sind seltene Autoimmunkrankheiten der Haut mit potenziell
lebensbedrohlichem Verlauf. Autoantikörper gegen epidermale und junktionale …

Introduction Somatic mutations in myeloid growth factor pathway genes, such as JAK2, and
genes involved in epigenetic regulation, such as TET2, in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) …

Background: Despite several attempts, the etiopathogenesis of anorexia nervosa (AN) is still
unknown. However, the activation of the immune response in neuropsychiatric diseases …

Despite advances in understanding systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), many challenges
remain in unraveling the precise mechanisms behind the disease's development and …

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a potentially fatal mucocutaneous autoimmune disease
characterized by severe skin lesions. Interleukin-21 (IL-21) and IL-23 have been linked to …

IL-21 is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates the functional activity of various immune
cells. Initial studies have shown that IL-21 can influence the differentiation, proliferation and …

Coccomyxa subellipsoidea KJ (C-KJ) is a green alga with unique immunoregulatory
characteristics. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying the modification of T cell …

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an abnormal inflammatory response in the skin to food,
environmental IgE, or non-IgE allergens. This disease belongs to a group of inflammatory …