Alternaria molds are known to cause the contamination of food with their secondary
metabolites, a chemically very heterogeneous group of compounds. Yet, after decades of …

Alternaria toxins naturally occur on food and feed contaminated with Alternaria species and
have been recovered from different human biological fluids. Alternariol, alternariol …

Humans are potentially exposed to a large amount of chemicals present in the environment
and in the workplace. In the European Human Biomonitoring initiative (Human …

Mycotoxin contamination of foodstuffs is a health concern worldwide and monitoring human
exposure to mycotoxins is a key concern. Most mycotoxins and their metabolites are …

Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and organophosphate pesticides (OPPs),
pertaining to organophosphate esters, are ubiquitous in environment and have been verified …

Although Alternaria toxins are still considered emerging, their occurrence has been reported
in different food, both commodities and raw materials. Tomato products have been identified …

Humans are exposed to an increasing number of contaminants, with diet being one of the
most important exposure routes. In this framework, human biomonitoring is considered the …

Mycotoxins are toxic substances naturally produced by various fungi, and these compounds
not only inflict economic damage, but also pose risks to human and animal health. The goal …

Human biomonitoring constitutes a suitable tool to assess exposure to toxins overcoming
the disadvantages of traditional methods. Urine constitutes an accessible biological matrix in …

In the course of assessing the human exposure to mycotoxins, biomarker-based approaches
have proven to be important tools. Low concentration levels, complex matrix compositions …