An essential regulator of neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the
gut microbiota. Alterations in intestinal permeability brought on by gut microbiota …

Autophagy has emerged as an integral part of the antiviral innate immune defenses,
targeting viruses or their components for lysosomal degradation. Thus, successful viruses …

HIV-associated cognitive dysfunction during combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)
involves mitochondrial dysfunction, but the impact of contemporary cART on chronic …

A wide array of pathogens has the potential to injure the fetus and induce teratogenesis, the
process by which mutations in fetal somatic cells lead to congenital malformations. Rubella …

The current use of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) is leading to a significant
decrease in deaths and comorbidities associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 …

Introduction HIV infection causes a wide range of neurological complications, many of which
are among the most common complications of chronic HIV infection in the era of combined …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors [PPARs; PPARα, PPARβ/δ (also known as
PPARδ), and PPARγ] widely recognized for their important role in glucose/lipid homeostasis …

In the central nervous system (CNS), the effective delivery of pharmacological agents
remains limited by several brain barriers [ie, the blood–brain barrier (BBB), blood …

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) still persist despite improved life
expectancy, reduced viral loads, and decreased infection severity. The number of patients …

Despite the success of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) increasing the survival rate in
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients, low levels of viremia persist in the brain of …