Background Following solid organ transplantation, tacrolimus (TAC) is an essential drug in
the immunosuppressive strategy. Its use constitutes a challenge due to its narrow …

Adenosine-triphosphate binding cassette transporters, otherwise known as ABC
transporters, play a major role in drug pharmacokinetics. They are membrane-bound …

A human small intestinal epithelial cell (HIEC) monolayer was recently established in our
laboratories as a novel system to evaluate the P app (apparent permeability coefficient) of …

Ginger is currently one of the most popular herbs commonly added to diverse foods,
beverages, and dietary supplements. We evaluated the ability of a well-characterized ginger …

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is expressed on the apical membrane of small
intestinal epithelial cells and functions as an efflux pump with broad substrate recognition …

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibition has been studied to overcome multidrug resistance in
cancer chemotherapy but failed in clinical trials due to low/toxic effects. Recently, a dual …

The biliary excretion of pharmaceutical and food-related compounds is an important factor
for assessing pharmacokinetics and toxicities in humans, and a highly predictive in vitro …

Breast cancer resistance protein transporter (ABCG2/BCRP) is highly expressed on the
intestinal epithelial membrane and has a significant impact on the oral absorption of …

The poor bioavailability of mangiferin (MGF) is a major obstacle on its further development.
Aimed to illustrate the underlying mechanism and improve its poor exposure, the compared …

For developing oral drugs, it is necessary to predict the oral absorption of new chemical
entities accurately. However, it is difficult because of the involvement of efflux transporters …