Extracellular electron transfer (EET) is the physiological process that enables the reduction
or oxidation of molecules and minerals beyond the surface of a microbial cell. The first …

A dynamic field of study has emerged involving long-range electron transport by
extracellular filaments in anaerobic bacteria, with Geobacter sulfurreducens being used as a …

OmcZ nanowires produced by Geobacter species have high electron conductivity (> 30 S
cm− 1). Of 111 cytochromes present in G. sulfurreducens, OmcZ is the only known nanowire …

Electrically conductive appendages from the anaerobic bacterium Geobacter
sulfurreducens, recently identified as extracellular cytochrome nanowires (ECNs), have …

Conjugation is a major mechanism of horizontal gene transfer promoting the spread of
antibiotic resistance among human pathogens. It involves establishing a junction between a …

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) incorporating air-breathing cathodes have emerged as a
promising eco-friendly wastewater treatment technology capable of operating on an energy …

While early genetic and low-resolution structural observations suggested that extracellular
conductive filaments on metal-reducing organisms such as Geobacter were composed of …

Type IV pili (T4P) are ubiquitous in both bacteria and archaea. They are polymers of the
major pilin protein, which has an extended and protruding N-terminal helix, α1, and a …

Biology leverages a range of electrical phenomena to extract and store energy, control
molecular reactions and enable multicellular communication. Microbes, in particular, have …

Recent work in structural biology is shedding light on how many of the enzymes of
intermediary metabolism are self-and co-assembling into large, filamentous polymers or …