Immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and adoptive cell therapy
(ACT) have revolutionized cancer treatment, especially in patients whose disease was …

Despite centuries since the discovery and study of cancer, cancer is still a lethal and
intractable health issue worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have gained much …

Immunotherapy is a clinically validated treatment for many cancers to boost the immune
system against tumor growth and dissemination. Several strategies are used to harness …

Chemokines are a large family of small chemotactic cytokines that coordinates immune cell
trafficking. In cancer, they have a pivotal role in the migration pattern of immune cells into the …

Metastatic breast cancers (mBCs) are largely resistant to immune checkpoint blockade, but
the mechanisms remain unclear. Primary breast cancers are characterized by a dense …

Tumour-promoting inflammation is considered one of the enabling characteristics of cancer
development. Chronic inflammatory disease increases the risk of some cancers, and strong …

In recent years, it has been shown that breast cancer consists not only of neoplastic cells,
but also of significant alterations in the surrounding stroma or tumor microenvironment …

Nanomedicines (NMs) offer new solutions for cancer diagnosis and therapy. However,
extension of progression-free interval and overall survival time achieved by Food and Drug …

Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that control the migration of cells between tissues
and the positioning and interactions of cells within tissue. The chemokine superfamily …

Chemokines mediate numerous physiological and pathological processes related primarily
to cell homing and migration. The chemokine CXCL12, also known as stromal cell-derived …