Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease and a major cause of
pain and disability in adult individuals. The etiology of OA includes joint injury, obesity …

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophin that activates nociceptive neurons to transmit
pain signals from the peripheral to the central nervous system and that exerts its effects on …

Osteoarthritis is a chronic and painful disease of synovial joints. Chondrocytes, synovial
cells and other cells in the joint can express and respond to cytokines and chemokines, and …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease that causes painful
swelling and permanent damage to the joints in the body. The molecular mechanisms of OA …

Chronic pain is a significant problem worldwide and is the most common disability in the
United States. It is well known that the immune system plays a critical role in the …

Diseases of the knee joint such as osteoarthritis (OA) affect all joint elements. An in vitro
human cell‐derived microphysiological system capable of simulating intraarticular tissue …

Objectives Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful and debilitating disease and it is associated with
aberrant upregulation of multiple factors, including matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) …

Although bone is continually being remodeled and ultimately declines with aging, little is
known whether similar changes occur in the sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers that …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVD) can result in chronic low back pain, a common cause
of morbidity and disability. Inflammation has been associated with IVD degeneration …

Pain is associated with most bony pathologies. Clinical and experimental observations
suggest that bone pain can be derived from noxious stimulation of the periosteum or bone …