Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is an indication of advanced cancer. Immune dysfunction
often occurs in MPE. We aimed to identify the reason for impaired T cell activity in MPE from …

We investigated the levels of TGF-β in malignant pleural effusions (MPE) caused by
malignant mesothelioma (MESO) or primary lung cancer. TGF-β levels in MPE caused by …

Background Regulatory T cells (Tregs) may represent a major cellular mechanism in
immune suppression by dampening the anti-tumor response in malignant pleural effusion …

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a frequent complication of malignancies and poses a
clinical problem. CD4+ T lymphocytes are the most frequent cell population in MPE …

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a poor prognostic sign for cancer patients, whereas the
functional condition of MPE CD8+ T cells is unknown. Intracavitary immunotherapy with …

Immunotherapy against a variety of malignancies, including pleural-based malignancies,
has shown promise in animal models and early human clinical trials, but successful efforts …

Objectives Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive malignancy with dismal
prognosis but variable course of disease. To support diagnosis and to risk stratify patients …

Inflammatory signaling networks between tumor cells and immune cells contribute to the
development of malignant pleural effusion (MPE). B cells have been found in MPE; however …

Introduction: Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is one of numerous inhibitory factors
produced by cancer cells that regulate antitumor immunity. The aim of this study was to …

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a poor prognostic sign for patients with lung cancer.
Tissue factor (TF) is a coagulation factor that participates in angiogenesis and vascular …