Background It is possible that oestrogen deficiency may be an aetiological factor in the
development of urinary incontinence in women. This is an update of a Cochrane review first …

BACKGROUND: It is possible that oestrogen deficiency may be an aetiological factor in the
development of urinary incontinence in women. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of …

Objective: To apply a meta-analysis to available data to evaluate the efficacy of estrogen
therapy in the management of postmenopausal women with urinary incontinence. Methods …

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review the efficacy of estrogen therapy for urinary
incontinence by examining published trials and to review the epidemiologic and physiologic …

Background Pelvic organ prolapse is common and can be detected in up to 50% of parous
women although many are asymptomatic. Oestrogen preparations are used to improve …

Objective The decline in available oestrogen after menopause is a possible etiological factor
in pelvic floor disorders like vaginal atrophy (VA), urinary incontinence (UI), overactive …

Introduction and hypothesis Risk of pelvic floor disorders increases after menopause and
may be linked to estrogen deficiency. We aimed to systematically and critically assess the …

Objective To investigate the effect of hormone replacement therapy on post‐menopausal
urinary stress incontinence. Design Double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomised trial …

Background The loss of estrogen at menopause and the gradual decline in testosterone with
age are associated with urogenital atrophy and, as a result, urogenital tract symptoms …

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of cyclic postmenopausal hormone replacement in
treating urinary incontinence in hypoestrogenic women. METHODS: Eighty-three …