Artemisia and its allied species have been employed for conventional medicine in the
Northern temperate regions of North America, Europe, and Asia for the treatments of …

Carvone is a monoterpene ketone contained in the essential oils of several aromatic and
medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae and Asteraceae families. From aromatic plants, this …

Vanadium is a transition metal that, being ubiquitously distributed in soil, crude oil, water
and air, also found roles in biological systems and is an essential element in most living …

This review summarizes human infections caused by endoparasites, including protozoa,
nematodes, trematodes, and cestodes, which affect more than 30% of the human …

Trypanosomatids are protozoan parasites of the class Kinetoplastida predominately
restricted to invertebrate hosts (ie possess a monoxenous life-cycle). However, several …

Unicellular flagellates of the family Trypanosomatidae are obligatory parasites of
invertebrates, vertebrates and plants. Dixenous species are aetiological agents of a number …

Host antimicrobial mechanisms reduce iron availability to pathogens. Iron proteins
influencing the innate immune response include hepcidin, lactoferrin, siderocalin …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide a central mechanism of cell–cell communication. While
EVs are found in most organisms, their pathogenesis-promoting roles in parasites are of …

Tritryps diseases are devastating parasitic neglected infections caused by Leishmania spp.,
Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei subspecies. Together, these parasites affect …

Human trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are vector‐borne neglected tropical diseases
caused by infection with the protozoan parasites Trypanosoma spp. and Leishmania spp …