Macrophages are abundant in the cochlea; however, their role in hearing loss is not well
understood. Insults to the cochlea, such as noise or insertion of a cochlear implant, cause an …

The auditory organ cochlea harbors two types of sound receptors, inner hair cells (IHCs) and
outer hair cells (OHCs), which are innervated by spiral (auditory) ganglion neurons (SGNs) …

The mammalian cochlea cannot regenerate functional hair cells (HCs) spontaneously.
Atoh1 overexpression as well as other strategies are unable to generate functional HCs …

Mature mammalian cochlear hair cells (HCs) do not spontaneously regenerate once lost,
leading to life-long hearing deficits. Attempts to induce HC regeneration in adult mammals …

Mammalian cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs) are essential for hearing. Severe hearing
impairment follows OHC degeneration. Previous attempts at regenerating new OHCs from …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the pathological reason of back pain and the
therapeutic approaches are still unsatisfactory. Recently, mesenchymal stem cell-derived …

Strategies to overcome irreversible cochlear hair cell (HC) damage and loss in mammals
are of vital importance to hearing recovery in patients with permanent hearing loss. In …

Radiation-induced ototoxicity is associated with inflammation response and excessive
reactive oxygen species in the cochlea. However, the effectiveness of many drugs in clinical …

Hearing loss has become increasingly prevalent and causes considerable disability, thus
gravely burdening the global economy. Irreversible loss of hair cells is a main cause of …

The inner ear sensory epithelia contain mechanosensitive hair cells and supporting cells.
Both cell types arise from SOX2-expressing prosensory cells, but the mechanisms …