Background Major depressive disorder is a prevalent psychiatric illness characterized by
mood disturbances and influenced by various environmental and genetic factors, yet its …

Background Modern-Type Depression (MTD) is a category of depression that has been
studied mainly in Japan; however, no study has attempted to determine its relation to chronic …

Aim Depression is a heterogeneous disorder that has various subtypes. In Japan, however,
a prevailing misunderstanding is that the term utsu‐byo (clinical depression) indicates only …

A hikikomori is a child, an adolescent or a young adult who voluntarily retreats into his own
home for long periods, not showing evident signs of psychological distress or overt mental …

The Hikikomori phenomenon often starts during adolescence and, once it develops, it tends
to persist. Thus, having an instrument specifically validated for detecting it at early ages …

Introduction: Since the emergence of Hikikomori syndrome in Japanese literature, special
attention has been given to this phenomenon all over the world concerning adolescents and …

Japanese psychiatrists have proposed a new type of depression characterized by passing
blame and irritability, which worsens on working days. This new type of depression is …

A new postmodern depression type, named “Modern-Type Depression”(MTD), is emerging
in Western countries. MTD is often underdiagnosed, mainly due to potentially higher …

Background In the 1990s, the concepts of hikikomori and modern-type depression (MTD)
emerged in Japan. Hikikomori is a condition of social avoidance or isolation, characterized …

TO THE EDITOR: The Perspectives in Global Mental Health article by Kato and Kanba (1),
published in the November 2017 issue of the Journal, proposes a new diagnosis called …