Non-invasive electrocardiography (NI-ECG) has become an indispensable tool for
monitoring fetal and neonatal cardiac activity throughout the stages of pregnancy and …

Diagnosing the fetal cardiac abnormalities by fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) is a difficult
task, but it is essential to identify the fetus health condition. FECG monitoring is essential to …

The classification of Cardiotocography (CTG) signal abnormalities is critical in the
identification of fetal anomalies. The non-stationary nature of CTG, as well as the dataset …

Diagnosis and management of fetal arrhythmias have changed over the past 40–50 years
since propranolol was first used to treat fetal tachycardia in 1975 and when first attempts …

Heart disease is one of the most serious health issues that people faced today. Almost 50
million people worldwide suffer from cardiovascular problems. Electrocardiogram (ECG) …

Fetal arrhythmia can manifest as irregular cardiac rhythm, abnormal heart rate or both
irregular cardiac rhythm and abnormal heart rate. Fetal testing without proper care is very …

Background The motion relationship and time intervals of the pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD)
spectrum are essential for diagnosing fetal arrhythmia. However, few technologies currently …

Fetal arrhythmia is a leading cause of sudden infant mortality, highlighting the significance of
detecting it in order to ensure the fetus. Identifying and analyzing fetal heartbeat rhythms …

Fetal arrhythmias can lead to cardiac failure or death; thus, early detection is crucial but
challenged by noise and artifacts. This paper investigates fetal arrhythmia detection using …

A noninvasive Fetal Electrocardiogram (ECG) is supposed to be a potential prognostic tool
in fetal arrhythmia identification and post-treatment. Fetal ECG data generated cannot be …