Intra-and extracellular adenosine levels rise in response to physiological stimuli and with
metabolic/energetic perturbations, inflammatory challenge and tissue injury. Extracellular …

Prenatal hypoxia during the prenatal period can interfere with the developmental trajectory
and lead to developing hypertension in adulthood. Prenatal hypoxia is often associated with …

New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) promise to offer a unique opportunity to enable
human-relevant safety decisions to be made without the need for animal testing in the …

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) induce developmental defects including cardiac
deformities in fish. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) mediates the toxicity of some PAHs …

Adenosine, the purine nucleoside, mediates its effects through activation of four G-protein
coupled adenosine receptors (ARs) named as A 1, A 2A, A 2B and A 3. In particular, A 1 ARs …

Evidence indicates that disruption of normal prenatal development influences an individual's
risk of developing obesity and cardiovascular disease as an adult. Thus, understanding how …

The effects of ethanol exposure on extracellular adenosine sources in zebrafish were
evaluated. In the acute treatment, the embryos were exposed to 2% ethanol on day 1 post …

Previous studies demonstrated that in utero caffeine treatment at embryonic day (E) 8.5
alters DNA methylation patterns, gene expression, and cardiac function in adult mice. To …

The causes of chronic heart failure (CHF) and its progression are likely to be due to complex
genetic factors. Adenosine receptors A2A and A2B (ADORA2A and ADORA2B, respectively) …

The danger of ionizing radiation exposure to human health is a concern. Since its wide use
in medicine and industry, the development of radioprotectors has been very significant …