Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized mainly by motor dysfunctions due to the
progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. However, PD patients experience a multitude of …

It appears that electronic cigarettes (EC) are a less harmful alternative to conventional
cigarette (CC) smoking, as they generate substantially lower levels of harmful carcinogens …

There is an urgent need to address the devastating pandemic, COVID‐19, caused by SARS‐
CoV‐2. The efforts to understand the details of this disease in hope of providing effective …

The cholinergic system plays an essential role in brain development, physiology, and
pathophysiology. Herein, we review how specific alterations in this system, through genetic …

Background: Depression is a severe, chronic, and recurring mental health disorder, which
prevalence and morbimortality have increased in recent years. Several theories are …

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD), an age-related progressive neurodegenerative condition,
is associated with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by
resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability that also includes non-motor …

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is associated
with the destruction of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and the formation of …

Depression is a common neuropsychiatric symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), resulting in
a lower quality of life and cognitive impairment in PD patients. Traditional Chinese medicine …

As the global population ages, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases has risen.
Furthermore, it has been suggested that depression, especially in elderly people, may also …