Oxidative stress (OS), caused by the imbalance between the generation and detoxification of
reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), plays an important role in brain aging …

Bioenergetic dysfunction is emerging as a cornerstone for establishing a framework for
understanding the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and …

Chronic psychological stress appears to accelerate biological aging, and oxidative damage
is an important potential mediator of this process. However, the mechanisms by which …

It has long been recognized that energy metabolism is linked to the production of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) and critical enzymes allied to metabolic pathways can be affected by …

Lipid peroxidation (LPO) has been shown to induce disturbance of membrane organization
and functional loss and modification of proteins and DNA bases, and it has been implicated …

Significantly, much of the activity of Citrus flavonoids appears to impact blood and
microvascular endothelial cells, and it is not surprising that the two main areas of research …

In a complex system of interrelated reactions, the heart converts chemical energy to
mechanical energy. Energy transfer is achieved through coordinated activation of enzymes …

Macrophages are present throughout the human body, constitute important immune effector
cells, and have variable roles in a great number of pathological, but also physiological …

Nitric oxide (NO) and its derivatives play important roles in the physiology and
pathophysiology of the liver. Despite its diverse and complicated roles, certain patterns of …

It is now clear that mitochondria are an important target for oxidative stress in a broad range
of pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cancer …