Both, mammalian cells and microbes have an essential need for iron, which is required for
many metabolic processes and for microbial pathogenicity. In addition, cross-regulatory …

Microbes exert a major impact on human health and disease by either promoting or
disrupting homeostasis, in the latter instance leading to the development of infectious …

Iron fine-tunes innate immune responses, including macrophage inflammation. In this
review, we summarize the current understanding about the iron in dictating macrophage …

Initially, indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) has been introduced as a bactericidal effector
mechanism and has been linked to T-cell immunosuppression and tolerance. In recent …

Chlamydia pneumoniae is an enigmatic human and animal pathogen. Originally discovered
in association with acute human respiratory disease, it is now associated with a remarkably …

Lipocalin‐2 (Lcn2) is an innate immune peptide with pleiotropic effects. Lcn2 binds iron‐
laden bacterial siderophores, chemo‐attracts neutrophils and has immunomodulatory and …

Macrophages are central for the immune control of intracellular microbes. Heme oxygenase
1 (HO‐1, hmox) is the first and rate limiting enzyme in the breakdown of heme originating …

Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is the most common etiological agent of bacterial
sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and a worldwide public health issue. The natural …

Genetic and dietary forms of iron overload have distinctive clinical and pathophysiological
features. HFE-associated hereditary hemochromatosis is characterized by overwhelming …

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL/Lipocalin-2/Lcn-2) is a 25kDa protein
which is involved in host defence against certain Gram negative bacteria upon binding of …