Background When a patient arrives in the emergency department following a stroke, a
traumatic brain injury, or sudden cardiac arrest, there is no therapeutic drug available to help …

The sodium pump (or Na-K-ATPase) is essential to the function of animal cells. Publication
of the related calcium pump (SERCA) structure together with several recent results from a …

The last few years have brought about many changes in the field of marine and freshwater
toxins, with advances in analytical technology and the realization that these toxins are a …

Oocytes and eggs of the South African clawed toad Xenopus laevis have been extensively
used in biological and pharmacological research. These cells are excellently suited for …

In many coastal areas the abundant proliferation of microalgae producing biotoxins
determines the occurrence of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs). Their presence in temperate …

Palytoxin binds to Na/K pumps to generate nonselective cation channels whose pore likely
comprises at least part of the pump's ion translocation pathway. We systematically analyzed …

In the reefs off the Colombian coast (Caribbean Sea) and around Lizard Island, Australia
(Pacific), palytoxin (PTX), which has been detected in zoanthid species of the genus …

Xenopus laevis oocytes devoid of their follicular enclosure provide a frequently used
expression system for investigating channels, transporters and receptors following injection …

Biotoxins produced by harmful marine microalgae (phycotoxins) can be accumulated into
seafood, representing a great risk for public health. Some of these phycotoxins are …

Oocytes of the South African clawed frog Xenopus laevis are widely used as a heterologous
expression system for the characterization of transport systems such as passive and active …